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Sinharaja Rain Forest - one of Sri Lanka's best hiking areas

Sinhara Range in Sri Lanka
Sinharaja is Sri Lanka’s second largest mountain range, al chain of hills in the south-west of the island. The forest at its lowest is 270 m above sea level. The highest peak, Hinipitigala, reaches 1171 m. Tea and pepper is grown at the eastern slopes of this mountain range, in the area of Suriyakanda, which is also known as Sinharaja’s “Morning Side”.
bats in Sri Lanka
Halfway between southwestern coastline and highlands, is situated exactly downwind towards the monsoon and thereby the place which receives most monsoon rainfall in Sri Lanka. Annual precipitation is above 3000 mm and can even reach 6000 mm.

And this is why Sinharaja earns its reputation as the best example of virgin rain forest in Sri Lanka. The Sinharaja Forest Reserve is the island nation’s largest and best preserved tropical rain forest. It covers the western half of the mountain range. 21 km long and 7 km wide, the forest reserve cannot claim to be a huge tropical jungle area. However, due to its biodiversity and the plentitude of endemic species, it was declared a World Heritage Site in 1988.

Two thirds of its Sinharaja’s tree species are endemic, many of them are rare. Altogether, 211 woody tree and liana species are identified within the reserve, 139 of them are endemic. High levels of endemism are also probable for the lower plants like ferns and epiphytes.

The birdlife of Sinharaja is unsurpassed in Sri Lanka. The forest reserve harbours 20 of Sri Lanka’s 26 endemic bird species, because Sinharaja combines two vegetation zones: wet lowlands and highlands. Only those 6 of Sri Lanka’s endemic bird species that inhabit dryzone areas exclusively can not be found in Sinharaja.

Sinharaja Rain Forest is also famous for its butterflies. 50 % of Sri Lanka’s endemic species occur in the reserve.

Sinharaja is not a national park. (Wikipedia articles can be misleading in this respect.) It is admistered by the Forest Depatment, not by the Wildlife Department. This is advantageous for foreign visitors, as it means lower costs for entry fees.


Hiking Trails in Sinharaja

Besides Knuckles Range and Horton Plains, Sinharaja is Sri Lanka’s best hiking or trekking area, at least during the local dry season. There are different routes, so you can spend several days to explore all of them. Most trekking trails lead to peaks, where you can enjoy nice views, or plenty of waterfalls, most of them situated at the southern edge of the Sinharaja range.

The four major natural trails start at the Kudawa Conservation Centre near the northern gate (road arriving from Weddagala, Ratnapura side) and near Sinharaja Adventure Resort, Birds Paradise Hotel and Yoho Kudawa Bungalow.

The most popular trail for weekend hiking tours is to Moulawella Peak (also spelt “Mulawella”) to the east, Moulawalla Trail is about 8 km long and reaches a viewpoint at a height of 760 m. A shorter hike of only 2.5 km is the Wathurawa Trail in the same area.

The Nawada Tree Trail is 6 km long and leads to the tree of the same name in southern direction. The name-giving specimen of the Giant Nawada Tree (Shorea stipularis), known as Yodha Nawanda Gasa in Sinhala, is 43 m high, with a girth of 6.3 m. The species is enedmic to Sri Lanka, it belongs to the species-rich Dipterocarpaceae family of lowland rainforest trees distributed in tropical zones all over the world.

The longest and arguably most beautiful trail, requiring a full day hiking, is 14 km long to Sinhagala in southwestern direction. Sinhagala, which literally translates to “Lion Rock”, is a 742 m high peak with a rock surface and steep slopes situated in the very centre of Sinharaja Forest Reserve. It’s a perfect vantage point. Sinhagala Trail and Moulawella Trail are the most scenic rainforest hikes in Sinharaja.

Sinhagala can also be reached on a shorter trail from Pitadeniya Conservation Centre in the very south of Sinharaja Forest Reserve, at the road from Pallegama (Galle side, near Eco Lodge Sinharaja).

Pitadeniya Ticket Office and Conservation Centre are also the starting point for Sinharaja’s  classical waterfall hiking trails, namely to Pathan Oya Ella and Kakuna Ella (also known as Patane Oya Ella resp. Kekuna Ella). It’s 5 km long. Including another waterfall, Malmora Ella, the hike will be 8 km.

Only 3 km further west, at the village of Lankagama, is the group of the “Five classic waterfalls” near the Sinharaja Seyana Eco Lodge. The waterfalls are Brahmana Ella, Thatu Ella, Duwilli Ella to the west of the trail’s fork, and Ura Wetuna Ella and Galdoruwa Ella to the north of the fork.   

A full-day trekking tour of more than 20 km (one way) leads from Lankagama to Neluwa, which is situated to the southwest of the Sinharja Forest Reserve.

Branching off from the gravel track are side trails to the waterfalls of Warukandeniya Ella, Thambalahama Duwili Ella, Kosmulla Duwili Ella and two falls called Thapolena Ella 1 and 2.

Confusingly, there is one more waterfall named Duwili Ella, but quite at the opposite side of Sinharaja Rain Forest, namely in the very northeast. It can be seen on a 15 km trail from Morningside near Sooriyakanda to Denuwakanda.  

Important advice for hiking and trekking in Sinharaja Rain Forest

Be aware, leech protection is essential throughout the year, unless it’s a very dry season. Without leech socks every hike in Sinharaja would turn out to be a bloody experience. Blue soap is not a sufficient protection, only a supplement. Dettol and other chemical are not 100% reliable, either. Only special leech socks are safe enough. They can be purchased at the ticket office.
Visiting Sinhara is not at all recommendable during the main monsoon season between June and September, as the pathes are too muddy even during few sunshine hours and all birds and other animals will be hidden!
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Why travel with Lanka Excursions Holidays?

+ We are a local agency owned and run by Sri Lankans, not part of international holdings
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if not stated otherwise, texts and photos provided  by Ernst A. Sundermann
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  • Home
    • Welcome
    • Terms
    • Italian Guiding & more
    • payments
    • по-русски
  • About
  • Info
    • Where is Sri Lanka
    • Names of Sri Lanka
    • Tips for planning Sri Lanka tours
    • Travel Regions >
      • Cultural Triangle images
      • Central Highlands images
      • Western Plains images
      • Southwest Wet Zone images
      • Deep South images
      • Eastern Shores images
      • Northern Province images
    • off the beaten path >
      • highly recommended
      • around Colombo
      • around Yapahuwa
      • around Anuradhapura
      • around Jaffna
      • around Trincomalee
      • around Polonnaruwa
      • around Sigiriya
      • around Kandy
      • around Nuwara Eliya
      • around Arugam Bay
      • around Hambantota
      • around Bentota
      • all over Sri Lanka
    • Things to do
    • Slide Show >
      • Famous Places Slide Show
      • Less-known Sites Slide Show
  • Tours
    • tailor-made tours
    • Food Safaris in Sri Lanka >
      • Negombo Food Safaris
      • Negombo Food Tour - private
      • Colombo Food Tour - private
      • Trincomalee Beach BBQ - private
      • Trincomalee City & BBQ - private
      • Trincomalee City & Lunch - private
      • Trincomalee Food Tour - private
      • Pigeon Island Food Tour - private
      • Nilaveli Seafood tour - private
      • Nilaveli Food Excursion - private
      • Anuradhapura Food Safari - private
      • Polonnaruwa Food Safari
      • Sigiriya Food Safari
      • Kandy Lunch Food Tour - colonial
      • Kandy Lunch&Dinner Tour - colonial
      • Galle half-day Food Safari
      • Galle full-day Food Safari
      • Galle two-days Food Safari
    • Jeep Safaris >
      • Yala Safaris
      • Yala Block 2 Safaris
      • Bundala Safaris
      • Udawalawa Safaris
      • Kumana Safaris
      • Gal Oya Safaris
      • Wilpattu Safaris
      • Minneriya or Kaudulla Safaris
      • Hurulu
    • 4-days classic
    • 8 days tour
    • 6 days Buddhist Pilgrimage
    • 7 days Buddhist Pilgrimage
    • 4 weeks honeymoon tour
    • your-price-choice
    • pinnawela+kitulgala
    • 3 days 2 nights
    • 4 days 3 nights
    • Sri Lanka Transport Service
    • 7 days with 4 hikes
    • 10 days with 7 hikes
    • 2-days trek Knuckles-5-Peaks
    • 15 days with 7 means of travel
    • Bentota beach holidays
    • Nilaveli beach holidays
    • Services >
      • Outdoor Anuradhapura
    • Tripadvisor
    • Cambodia
    • Nepal
    • deutsch >
      • 15 days with 3 surf beaches
  • Attractions
    • World Heritage Sites >
      • Anuradhapura World Heritage Site
      • Polonnaruwa World Heritage Site
      • Sigiriya World Heritage Site
      • Dambulla World Heritage Site
      • Kandy Sacred City
      • Galle Fort
    • Ancient Sites >
      • prehistoric sites >
        • Pahiyangala
        • Batadomba Lena
        • Belilena
        • Padavigampola
      • ruined cities >
        • Yapahuwa
        • Tissamaharama
        • Panduwasnuwara
        • Ramba Vihara
        • Dehadu Kadulla
      • stupa temples >
        • Medirigiriya
        • Thiriyai
      • image houses >
        • Nalanda
        • Velgam Vehera
        • Divulwewa
      • Pansukulika Monasteries >
        • Ritigala
        • Manakanda
        • Kiralagala
        • Arankale
        • Gurulupotha
      • provincial temples >
        • Dimbulagala
        • Haththikuchchi
        • Lahugala
        • Kalupokuna
        • Kokabe
        • Menikdena
        • Namal Uyana
        • Dematamal Viharaya
        • Nillakgama Bodhigara
        • Kalpe
      • rock temples >
        • Pidurangala
        • Sithulpahuwa
        • Buddhangala
        • Kudumbigala
        • Madagama
        • Handagala Kanda
        • Anamaduwa
        • Wilandagoda
        • Pettagangala
        • Thammennakanda
        • Isenbessagala
        • Gonagiri
        • Koskandawala
        • Sankapala
        • Andankulam
      • hermitage caves >
        • Salgala
        • Pilikuttuwa
        • Maligatenna
        • Alawwa
      • cave temples >
        • Mulkirigala
        • Ridigama
        • Degaldoruwa
        • Aluvihara
        • Varana
        • Hindagala Temple
        • Divaguhawa
        • Thambalagollewa
        • Veheragala
        • Maradankadawala
        • Aluthepola
      • medieval shrines >
        • Dambadeniya
        • Gadaladeniya Temple near Kandy
        • Lankatilaka
        • Embekke
        • Barandiya Kovil
        • Kuruwita
      • Kandyan shrines >
        • Medawala
        • Dodanwela
        • Hanguranketa
        • Padeniya
        • Attanagalla
        • Kadadora
        • Dadagamuwa
        • Beligala
      • Ambalamas >
        • Panavitiya
        • Karagahagedara
        • Awariyawala
        • Ranamure Pihilla
        • Bogoda
    • Cities of Sri Lanka >
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      • Coastal Towns >
        • Kalmunai
        • Pottuvil
        • Hambantota
        • Tangalle
        • Chilaw
        • Puttalam
        • Trincomalee attractions
      • small towns >
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        • Embilipitiya
        • Habarana
        • Kilinochchi
        • Bibile
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        • Rattota
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    • Mihintale >
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      • Katupotha Kanda
      • Guesthouse Rooms
      • Rent my Villa
      • Activities around Mihintale
      • Picnic at Kaludiya Pokuna
      • car
      • Day trips by car
      • Mihintale-sightseeing
      • Hiking in Mihintale
    • Sacred Places >
      • buddhist sites >
        • Mahiyangana
        • Kelaniya
        • Seruwila
        • Somawathiya
        • Nelligala
        • Bhadravathi
      • Sinhalese Shrines >
        • Maha Saman Devale
        • Seenigama
      • Tamil Hindu Temples >
        • Munneshvaram
        • Ketheesvaram
        • Kataragama
        • Kanniyai
        • Madampe
      • Ramayana Sites >
        • Sita Eliya
        • Manavari
        • Divurumpola
        • Shtripura Caves
      • Christian >
        • Adisham Hall
    • Giant Stupas >
      • large ancient stupas >
        • Dighavapi
        • Yudaganawa
        • Dedigama
      • large modern stupas >
        • Kotmale Maha Seya
        • Sandagiri Maha Seya
    • Rock Buddha statues >
      • Gal Vihara
      • Aukana Buddha
      • Sasseruwa Buddha
      • Buduruwagala
      • Dowa
      • Maligawila
      • Kushtaraja Statue
      • Thanthirimale
      • Bakamuna
      • Maboda Temple
      • Rambodagalla statue
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